Competitive and Economically Feasible Cell Wall Disruption Techniques for Algal Biofuel Extraction
Keywords:
Microalgae, Biofuel, Cell wall, Lipid, BiomassAbstract
In the present scenario of fuel and energy crises, attempts for bridging the gap between demand and supply remained ineffective. The environmental damage caused by the existing fossil fuel facing price hike day by day, simultaneously the fossil fuel reservoirs are also exhausting and hence, these alarming energy crises are need to be addressed immediately. Today, the scientific community is running behind the renewable alternative fuel sources, and biofuel is one such alternative. The limitations of first and second generation biofuel have created the way for third generation biofuel technology. Microalgae are the major sources of the third generation biofuel. In order to achieve the high lipid content, we need to modify the pretreatment methods for disrupting the cell wall of microalgae. The classical method of lipid extractions from plants and crops can be followed for third generation biofuel production with trivial modifications in operating conditions. Several cell disruption techniques are known since past, but economically feasible, energy efficient and easily manageable methods are yet to identify, optimize and appraise. In the current review article, we have made an attempt to convey the algal cell wall components which are broadly used in the research and industrial area and focused on the key techniques involved in algal cell disruption.
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